{"id":2325,"date":"2014-08-11T16:39:00","date_gmt":"2014-08-11T14:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/igloonet.cz\/blog\/?p=2325"},"modified":"2016-10-03T13:09:42","modified_gmt":"2016-10-03T11:09:42","slug":"https-vzdy-vsude-nebojte-se-prejit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/igloonet.cz\/blog\/https-vzdy-vsude-nebojte-se-prejit\/","title":{"rendered":"HTTPS v\u017edy a v\u0161ude - nebojte se p\u0159ej\u00edt"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Chcete p\u0159ej\u00edt na HTTPS?<\/h3>\n

Google minulou st\u0159edu<\/a> ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee web\u016fm, kter\u00e9 b\u011b\u017e\u00ed v\u017edy p\u0159es HTTPS bude p\u0159id\u00e1vat n\u011bjak\u00e9 bod\u00edky nav\u00edc. P\u011bkn\u011b se o tom co to znamen\u00e1 rozepsal Luk\u00e1\u0161 P\u00edtra ve sv\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku HTTPS \/ SSL nov\u011b jako SEO faktor na Google<\/a>. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek je tedy reakc\u00ed na Luk\u00e1\u0161ovu v\u00fdzvu na dopln\u011bn\u00ed o implementaci a tak\u00e9 reakc\u00ed na dotazy a informace v koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch u jeho \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed t\u0159eba se b\u00e1t<\/h2>\n

V prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b, nebojte se. Web, kter\u00fd pob\u011b\u017e\u00ed komplet na HTTPS nebude pomalej\u0161\u00ed, nebude nijak ohromn\u011b dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed, nebude v\u00e1m d\u011blat probl\u00e9my na mobilech a nebude v\u00e1m ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u00fdden hl\u00e1sit, \u017ee mu vypr\u0161ela platnost. O rozjet\u00ed HTTPS by se v\u00e1m v\u017edy m\u011bli postarat administr\u00e1to\u0159i va\u0161eho serveru nebo pokud n\u011bkde hostujete, tak nap\u0159. v\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 spolu s hostingovou firmou. HTTPS je sice o n\u011bco n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e HTTP, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b na procesor va\u0161eho webserveru, ale pokud neb\u011b\u017e\u00edte na \u017eeleze, kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed do muzea, v\u016fbec zv\u00fd\u0161enou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e nezaznamen\u00e1te. Pokud m\u00e1te web u n\u011bjak\u00e9ho hostera, nemus\u00ed v\u00e1s tato str\u00e1nka v\u011bci v\u016fbec zaj\u00edmat.<\/p>\n

Migrujeme<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. Po\u0159i\u010fte a nainstalujte certifik\u00e1t<\/li>\n
  2. Otestujte web na https<\/li>\n
  3. P\u0159idejte p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n
  4. Informujte vyhled\u00e1va\u010de o zm\u011bn\u011b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    1. Po\u0159i\u010fte a nainstalujte certifik\u00e1t<\/h3>\n

    Po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed certifik\u00e1t\u016f sest\u00e1v\u00e1 z n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edch krok\u016f (v\u00fdb\u011br certifika\u010dn\u00ed autority, v\u00fdb\u011br typu certifik\u00e1tu a dal\u0161\u00ed). Hlavn\u011b napoprv\u00e9 to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pon\u011bkud matouc\u00ed. Rozepsal jsem cel\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br pro tento \u010dl\u00e1nek, ale jeliko\u017e to spousta z v\u00e1s ji\u017e zn\u00e1 a bylo to dost mimo z\u00e1b\u011br, p\u0159esunul jsem v\u0161e do doprovodn\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku Jak\u00fd SSL certifik\u00e1t vybrat pro sv\u016fj web<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    2. Otestujte web na https<\/h3>\n

    Je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e za\u010dnete n\u011bco p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1vat, vyzkou\u0161ejte v\u00e1\u0161 web p\u0159es https:\/\/ a odstra\u0148te p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Dejte si pozor na m\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3dy a ve\u0161ker\u00fd vlo\u017een\u00fd obsah (viz d\u00e1le). Nezapome\u0148te otestovat, jestli je https certifik\u00e1t nainstalovan\u00fd spr\u00e1vn\u011b<\/a>. Dobr\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 zkontrolovat instalaci certifik\u00e1tu pomoc\u00ed velmi poveden\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroje od SSL Labs<\/a>. Pom\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1m odhalit b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my a zranitelnosti. \"Sk\u00f3re<\/p>\n

    3. P\u0159idejte p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n

    Jakmile m\u00e1te zkontrolov\u00e1no, jednodu\u0161e nastavte p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161eho co jde z protokolu http:\/\/<\/a> na protokol https:\/\/<\/a> se zachov\u00e1n\u00edm adresy. Pokud pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te na web serveru Apache, m\u016f\u017eete v konfiguraci nebo httaccess vyu\u017e\u00edt nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed pravidlo (pozor jen na to, \u017ee podm\u00ednka v RewriteCond se m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edrn\u011b li\u0161it podle va\u0161eho hostingu):<\/p>\n

    RewriteCond %{HTTP:X-Forwarded-Proto} !=https\nRewriteRule ^(.*)$             https:\/\/www.vasedomena.cz\/$1 [R=301,L,QSA]\n<\/pre>\n
    Ur\u010dit\u011b nenech\u00e1vejte b\u011b\u017eet z\u00e1rove\u0148 HTTP i HTTPS verzi. Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u016f je to stejn\u00e9 jako m\u00edt dva weby se stejn\u00fdm obsahem. Technicky lze toti\u017e provozovat \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fd web nap\u0159. na http:\/\/igloonet.cz<\/a> a na https:\/\/igloonet.cz<\/a>, i kdy\u017e je to velmi neobvykl\u00e9.<\/p>\n
    Social proof - Po\u010dty sd\u00edlen\u00ed<\/h4>\n
    Ztrat\u00edte p\u0159i p\u0159echodu na HTTPS informace o po\u010dtech sd\u00edlen\u00ed adresy p\u0159es facebook, g+, twitter a dal\u0161\u00ed? Ano, p\u0159echod na https je v podstat\u011b \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u00fd, jako kdy\u017e m\u011bn\u00edte dom\u00e9nu. Snad v\u0161echny soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b ale neum\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b reagovat na p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159es 301. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed maj\u00ed v\u0161echny soci\u00e1ln\u00ed tla\u010d\u00edtka mo\u017enost nastavit natvrdo adresu webu, kter\u00fd chcete odkazovat. D\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017eeme i na nov\u00e9 adrese do tla\u010d\u00edtek nastavit tu p\u016fvodn\u00ed, nic co by program\u00e1tor nezvl\u00e1dl za p\u00e1r minut hromadn\u011b vy\u0159e\u0161it. P\u011bkn\u011b se o tom p\u0159ed p\u00e1r lety rozepsal Michael King<\/a>.<\/p>\n
    4. Informujte vyhled\u00e1va\u010de o zm\u011bn\u011b<\/h3>\n
    Jakmile web p\u0159esm\u011brujete, je vhodn\u00e9 d\u00e1t vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u016fm v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee se zm\u011bnila URL. D\u011bl\u00e1 se to \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u011b, jako kdy\u017e migrujete na jinou dom\u00e9nu. Jak postupovat u jednotliv\u00fdch vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u016f je u\u017e mimo kontext tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n
    U Google by zm\u011bna prob\u00edhala dle n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch krok\u016f. V GWT je ale bohu\u017eel moment\u00e1ln\u011b chyba, kter\u00e1 znemo\u017e\u0148uje vybrat jako nov\u00fd web HTTPS str\u00e1nku (d\u00edky Petru Soukupovi za upozorn\u011bn\u00ed).<\/p>\n
    \"Zm\u011bna<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. p\u0159ihla\u0161te se do Google Webmaster Tools<\/li>\n
    2. p\u0159idejte si v\u00e1\u0161 HTTPS web<\/li>\n
    3. u HTTP webu pou\u017eijte ikonu ozuben\u00e9ho kola a odkaz \u201eZm\u011bna adresy\u201c<\/li>\n
    4. po projit\u00ed krok\u016f 1-3 klikn\u011bte na \u201eVyberte ov\u011b\u0159enou str\u00e1nku\u201c a vyberte v\u00e1\u0161 nov\u00fd HTTPS web - zde je moment\u00e1ln\u011b u Google probl\u00e9m a nefunguje v\u00fdb\u011br https variant<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      Cel\u00fd postup migrace pak m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt v n\u00e1pov\u011bd\u011b Google<\/a>.<\/p>\n
      Marke\u0165\u00e1ci - pozor na m\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3dy, pluginy a dal\u0161\u00ed<\/h2>\n
      Pozor na to, \u017ee pokud m\u00e1te web na HTTPS, mus\u00edte v\u0161e co do str\u00e1nky vkl\u00e1d\u00e1te d\u00e1vat takt\u00e9\u017e p\u0159es HTTPS. Tedy ve\u0161ker\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3dy, embed k\u00f3dy (youtube, slideshare atd), obr\u00e1zky a dal\u0161\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1ny z https:\/\/ nebo pomoc\u00ed protocol-relative URL (viz d\u00e1le). V koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch u Luk\u00e1\u0161ova \u010dl\u00e1nku byla zm\u00ednka, \u017ee medi\u00e1ln\u00ed obsah m\u016f\u017eete poskytovat odn\u011bkud, kde https nen\u00ed. To ale ur\u010dit\u011b nen\u00ed pravda. Cokoliv je p\u0159\u00edmo vlo\u017eeno ve webu (ne odkazov\u00e1no) mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1no p\u0159es https. V opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b n\u011bkter\u00e9 prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de zobraz\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed na na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed nezabezpe\u010den\u00e9ho obsahu a nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de u\u017e ti\u0161e takov\u00fd obsah ignoruj\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ale m\u016f\u017eete takov\u00fd obsah na\u010d\u00edtat z CDN, kter\u00e9 HTTPS podporuj\u00ed. U m\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edch k\u00f3du jsou na to poskytovatel\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161inou p\u0159ipraveni. Google Analytics se na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 p\u0159es protocol-relative URL, star\u0161\u00ed veze a n\u011bkter\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed k\u00f3dy zase detekuj\u00ed p\u0159es jak\u00fd protokol b\u011b\u017e\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed str\u00e1nka a podle t\u00e9 na\u010dtou spr\u00e1vnou verzi. M\u016f\u017ee se v\u00e1m ale st\u00e1t, \u017ee k\u00f3d po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 pouze s HTTP a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem v\u00e1m nefunguje. Vyzkou\u0161ejte nejd\u0159\u00edv jednodu\u0161e http:\/\/<\/code> \u010d\u00e1st p\u0159epsat na https:\/\/<\/code>. Pokud to pom\u016f\u017ee, m\u00e1te vyhr\u00e1no.<\/p>\n
      Vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 skripty, kter\u00fd nemaj\u00ed HTTPS<\/h3>\n
      Pokud se do posledn\u00ed zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 situace dostanete, je to hor\u0161\u00ed. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed je takov\u00fdm skript\u016fm se \u00fapln\u011b vyhnout nebo kontaktovat poskytovatele, aby zp\u0159\u00edstupnil i HTTPS verzi. Pokud se nezda\u0159\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete n\u011bkter\u00e9 skripty ulo\u017eit lok\u00e1ln\u011b (t\u00edm ale p\u0159ijdete o jejich aktualizace) nebo m\u016f\u017eete zkusit, aby v\u00e1m pomohli v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i. M\u00e1me-li nap\u0159\u00edklad vzd\u00e1len\u00fd skript http:\/\/unsecured.com\/analytics.js<\/code>, m\u016f\u017eeme vytvo\u0159it na na\u0161em webu skript unsecured-analytics.php<\/code> s obsahem:<\/p>\n
      <?php echo file_get_contents(\"http:\/\/unsecured.com\/analytics.js\");\n<\/pre>\n
      Ze sv\u00e9ho webu pak budete na\u010d\u00edtat https:\/\/vasweb.cz\/unsecured-analytics.php<\/code> a v\u0161e je vy\u0159e\u0161eno. P\u0159izn\u00e1m se, \u017ee jsem p\u0159\u00edklad netestoval, jde jen o my\u0161lenku.<\/p>\n
      Nebudou m\u011b vyhled\u00e1va\u010de pomalu indexovat?<\/h2>\n
      Nev\u00edm o \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl s HTTPS probl\u00e9my. Google, jako\u017eto tahoun HTTPS everywhere, bude ur\u010dit\u011b bez probl\u00e9m\u016f. Ze zaj\u00edmavosti dokonce tuto zm\u011bnu podporoval u\u017e v roce 2012<\/a>.<\/p>\n
      Certifik\u00e1ty expiruj\u00ed<\/h2>\n
      V koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch u Luk\u00e1\u0161ova postu je n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t spr\u00e1vn\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bno, \u017ee je velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m, kdy\u017e v\u00e1m expiruje certifik\u00e1t. V\u011bt\u0161ina prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d\u016f v\u00e1m toti\u017e na takovou str\u00e1nku zabr\u00e1n\u00ed v\u016fbec vstoupit. Je to ale \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u00e9, jako kdy\u017e v\u00e1m vyexpiruje dom\u00e9na - v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u016fstane v\u00e1\u0161 web tak\u00e9 nefunk\u010dn\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd slu\u0161n\u00fd dodavatel SSL certifik\u00e1t\u016f v\u00e1s dostate\u010dn\u011b dop\u0159edu na nutnost prodlou\u017een\u00ed certifik\u00e1tu upozorn\u00ed. Jeden h\u00e1\u010dek tu ale p\u0159eci jenom je. Na rozd\u00edl od dom\u00e9ny, kde v\u00e1m registr\u00e1tor prodlou\u017e\u00ed dom\u00e9nu u sebe a v\u0161e je hotovo, mus\u00edte prodlou\u017een\u00fd certifik\u00e1t znovu nainstalovat. Certifk\u00e1ty se toti\u017e fakticky nijak neprodlu\u017euj\u00ed, ale vystavuj\u00ed se nov\u00e9. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 certifika\u010dn\u00ed autorita v\u00e1m certifik\u00e1t vystav\u00ed dle expirace p\u016fvodn\u00edho certifik\u00e1tu. Pokud tedy v srpnu objedn\u00e1te ro\u010dn\u00ed prodlou\u017een\u00ed certifik\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd expiruje v \u0159\u00edjnu, nov\u00fd certifik\u00e1t bude platit ihned (tedy od doby vystaven\u00ed) a\u017e do \u0159\u00edjna n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho roku. N\u011bkter\u00e9 autority dokonce p\u0159i brzk\u00e9m prodlou\u017een\u00ed p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed \u010di t\u00fddn\u016f nav\u00edc. Jedna technick\u00e1: P\u0159i prodlu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u017edy kv\u016fli bezpe\u010dnosti vystavujte novou certifika\u010dn\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dost. I kdy\u017e by v\u00e1m nab\u00eddli vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9 p\u0159edchoz\u00ed.<\/p>\n
      Technick\u00e9 tipy na z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n
      Secure cookies<\/h3>\n
      P\u0159e\u0161li jste na HTTPS? Super, a\u0165 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i ihned zapnou secure cookies<\/a>. P\u0159i t\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti a\u0165 rovnou zkontroluj\u00ed a zapnou httponly cookies (zde nelze necitovat Michala \u0160pa\u010dka<\/a>: \u201eTe\u010f hned. TE\u010e. HNED.\u201c). N\u011bkolik informac\u00ed najdete v \u010dl\u00e1nku a koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch u Jakuba Vr\u00e1ny<\/a>.<\/p>\n
      Protocol-relative URL<\/h3>\n
      URL relativn\u00ed dle protokolu, je jednoduch\u00fd zp\u016fsob jak na\u010d\u00edtat obsah ze str\u00e1nek, kter\u00e9 provozuj\u00ed HTTP i HTTPS verzi pro dan\u00fd obsah. Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 toho nap\u0159. pr\u00e1v\u011b Google Analytics. Nam\u00edsto http:\/\/<\/code> nebo https:\/\/<\/code> takov\u00e9 odkazy za\u010dneme jednodu\u0161e pomoc\u00ed \/\/<\/code> Prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d pak zvol\u00ed variantu dle aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho protokolu. M\u016f\u017eete toho vyu\u017e\u00edt i vy nap\u0159. p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b na p\u0159echod na HTTPS.<\/p>\n
      IP adresy a SNI<\/h3>\n
      Pokud m\u00e1te web na sd\u00edlen\u00e9m hostingu, p\u0159ipravte se na to, \u017ee spolu s certifik\u00e1tem budete pot\u0159ebovat vlastn\u00ed IP adresu. Pokud m\u00e1te vlastn\u00ed virtual nebo server, m\u016f\u017eete ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f pou\u017e\u00edt prim\u00e1rn\u00ed IP sv\u00e9ho serveru. Vlastn\u00ed IP ale pot\u0159ebujete pro ka\u017ed\u00fd certifik\u00e1t, tedy budete-li zabezpe\u010dovat v\u00edce r\u016fzn\u00fdch dom\u00e9n (a nepou\u017eijete-li SAN), mus\u00edte m\u00edt v\u00edce IP.<\/p>\n
      \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed SNI - Server Name Indication<\/h4>\n
      Nem\u00e1te-li probl\u00e9m s odst\u0159ihnut\u00edm u\u017eivatel\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed prav\u011bk\u00e9 technologie, zejm\u00e9na ty co pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed MSIE na Windows XP nebo Android 2.2, m\u016f\u017eete na vlastn\u00edm serveru nebo u n\u011bkter\u00fdch hoster\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edt SNI<\/a>, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje na jedn\u00e9 IP provozovat v\u00edce certifik\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n
      M\u00e1te dal\u0161\u00ed dotazy?<\/h3>\n
      Sna\u017eil jsem se reagovat na v\u011bt\u0161inu ot\u00e1zek a obav, kter\u00e9 jsem zahl\u00e9dl v \u010dl\u00e1nku Luk\u00e1\u0161e Pitry, jeho koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch i jinde. Pokud jsem na n\u011bco zapomn\u011bl, napi\u0161te mi v koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch a pokus\u00edm se ud\u011blat aktualizaci. Stejn\u011b tak pokud si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee jsem s n\u011b\u010d\u00edm vedle, sem s t\u00edm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      Chcete p\u0159ej\u00edt na HTTPS?<\/p>\n
      Google minulou st\u0159edu ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee web\u016fm, kter\u00e9 b\u011b\u017e\u00ed v\u017edy p\u0159es HTTPS bude p\u0159id\u00e1vat n\u011bjak\u00e9 bod\u00edky nav\u00edc. P\u011bkn\u011b se o tom co to znamen\u00e1 rozepsal Luk\u00e1\u0161 P\u00edtra ve sv\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku HTTPS \/ SSL nov\u011b jako SEO faktor na Google. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek je tedy reakc\u00ed na Luk\u00e1\u0161ovu v\u00fdzvu na dopln\u011bn\u00ed o implementaci a tak\u00e9 reakc\u00ed na dotazy a informace v koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch u jeho \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[72,70,71],"tags":[84,38,82,80,83],"class_list":["post-2325","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hosting","category-marketing","category-vyvoj","tag-bezpecnost","tag-google","tag-https","tag-seo","tag-ssl"],"yoast_head":"\nHTTPS v\u017edy a v\u0161ude - nebojte se p\u0159ej\u00edt | igloonet blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"HTTPS \/ SSL jako SEO faktor. N\u00e1vod, jak postupovat a na co si d\u00e1t pozor p\u0159i p\u0159echodu na HTTPS only web. 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